Faculty Profile

William Gruber

William Gruber, MD

  • Adjunct Clinical Professor of Epidemiology
  • Adjunct Professor of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Michigan

  • MD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 1979

  • Infectious disease pathogenesis and epidemiology
  • Immune response to viral and bacterial infection and vaccines
  • Chemical and immunobiological intervention strategies against bacterial and viral pathogens
  • Vaccine research and development

Bonten MJ, Huijts SM, Bolkenbaas M, Webber C, Patterson S, Gault S, van Werkhoven CH, van Deursen AM, Sanders EA, Verheij TJ, Patton M, McDonough A, Moradoghli-Haftvani A, Smith H, Mellelieu T, Pride MW, Crowther G, Schmoele-Thoma B, Scott DA, Jansen KU, Lobatto R, Oosterman B, Visser N, Caspers E, Smorenburg A, Emini EA, Gruber WC, Grobbee DE. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2015 Mar 19;372(12):1114-25. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1408544. PMID: 25785969.

Dagan R, Juergens C, Trammel J, Patterson S, Greenberg D, Givon-Lavi N, Porat N, Gruber WC, Scott DA. Modeling pneumococcal nasopharyngeal acquisition as a function of anticapsular serum antibody concentrations after pneumococcal conjugate vaccine administration. Vaccine. 2016 Aug 5;34(36):4313-20. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.06.075. Epub 2016 Jul 12. PMID: 27422342.

Wysocki J, Center KJ, Brzostek J, Majda-Stanislawska E, Szymanski H, Szenborn L, Czajka H, Hasiec B, Dziduch J, Jackowska T, Witor A, Kopinska E, Konior R, Giardina PC, Sundaraiyer V, Patterson S, Gruber WC, Scott DA, Gurtman A. A randomized study of fever prophylaxis and the immunogenicity of routine pediatric vaccinations. Vaccine. 2017 Apr 4;35(15):1926-1935. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.02.035. Epub 2017 Mar 3. PMID: 28262330.

Walsh EE, Frenck RW, Jr., Falsey AR, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Neuzil K, Mulligan MJ, Bailey R, Swanson KA, Li P, Koury K, Kalina W, Cooper D, Fontes-Garfias C, Shi PY, Türeci Ö, Tompkins KR, Lyke KE, Raabe V, Dormitzer PR, Jansen KU, Şahin U, Gruber WC. Safety and Immunogenicity of Two RNA-Based Covid-19 Vaccine Candidates. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2020 Dec 17;383(25):2439-2450. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2027906. Epub 2020 Oct 14. PMID: 33053279

Polack FP, Thomas SJ, Kitchin N, Absalon J, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Perez JL, Perez Marc G, Moreira ED, Zerbini C, Bailey R, Swanson KA, Roychoudhury S, Koury K, Li P, Kalina WV, Cooper D, Frenck RW, Jr., Hammitt LL, Tureci O, Nell H, Schaefer A, Unal S, Tresnan DB, Mather S, Dormitzer PR, Sahin U, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Group CCT. Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2020 Dec 31;383(27):2603-2615. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2034577. Epub 2020 Dec 10. PMID: 33301246

Frenck RW, Jr., Klein NP, Kitchin N, Gurtman A, Absalon J, Lockhart S, Perez JL, Walter EB, Senders S, Bailey R, Swanson KA, Ma H, Xu X, Koury K, Kalina WV, Cooper D, Jennings T, Brandon DM, Thomas SJ, Tureci O, Tresnan DB, Mather S, Dormitzer PR, Sahin U, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Group CCT. Safety, Immunogenicity, and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Adolescents. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2021 Jul 15;385(3):239-250. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2107456. Epub 2021 May 27. PMID: 34043894;

Walter EB, Talaat KR, Sabharwal C, Gurtman A, Lockhart S, Paulsen GC, Barnett ED, Munoz FM, Maldonado Y, Pahud BA, Domachowske JB, Simoes EAF, Sarwar UN, Kitchin N, Cunliffe L, Rojo P, Kuchar E, Ramet M, Munjal I, Perez JL, Frenck RW, Jr., Lagkadinou E, Swanson KA, Ma H, Xu X, Koury K, Mather S, Belanger TJ, Cooper D, Tureci O, Dormitzer PR, Sahin U, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Group CCT. Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2022 Jan 6;386(1):35-46. PMID: 34752019

Muñoz FM, Sher LD, Sabharwal C, Gurtman A, Xu X, Kitchin N, Lockhart S, Riesenberg R, Sexter JM, Czajka H, Paulsen GC, Maldonado Y, Walter EB, Talaat KR, Englund JA, Sarwar UN, Hansen C, Iwamoto M, Webber C, Cunliffe L, Ukkonen B, Martínez SN, Pahud BA, Munjal I, Domachowske JB, Swanson KA, Ma H, Koury K, Mather S, Lu C, Zou J, Xie X, Shi PY, Cooper D, Türeci Ö, Şahin U, Jansen KU, Gruber WC. Evaluation of BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children Younger than 5 Years of Age. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2023;388(7):621-34. 

Hurley D, Griffin C, Young M, Scott DA, Pride MW, Scully IL, Ginis J, Severs J, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Watson W. Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of a 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV20) in Adults 60 to 64 Years of Age. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 5;73(7):e1489-e1497. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1045. PMID: 32716500

Senders S, Klein NP, Tamimi N, Thompson A, Baugher G, Trammel J, Peng Y, Giardina P, Scully IL, Pride M, Center KJ, Gruber WC, Scott DA, Watson W. A Phase Three Study of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Four-dose Series of 20-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Healthy Infants Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2024 Mar 26. Online ahead of print.PMID: 38535409

Schmoele-Thoma B, Zareba AM, Jiang Q, Maddur MS, Danaf R, Mann A, Eze K, Fok-Seang J, Kabir G, Catchpole A, Scott DA, Gurtman AC, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Dormitzer PR, Swanson KA. Vaccine Efficacy in Adults in a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Challenge Study. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2022 Jun 23;386(25):2377-2386. PMID: 35731653

Baber J, Arya M, Moodley Y, Jaques A, Jiang Q, Swanson KA, Cooper D, Maddur MS, Loschko J, Gurtman A, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Dormitzer PR, Schmoele-Thoma B. A Phase 1/2 Study of a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Vaccine With and Without Adjuvant in Healthy Older Adults. J Infect Dis. 2022 Dec 13;226(12):2054-2063. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiac189. PMID: 35543281

Walsh EE, Pérez Marc G, Zareba AM, Falsey AR, Jiang Q, Patton M, Polack FP, Llapur C, Doreski PA, Ilangovan K, Rämet M, Fukushima Y, Hussen N, Bont LJ, Cardona J, DeHaan E, Castillo Villa G, Ingilizova M, Eiras D, Mikati T, Shah RN, Schneider K, Cooper D, Koury K, Lino MM, Anderson AS, Jansen KU, Swanson KA, Gurtman A, Gruber WC, Schmoele-Thoma B. Efficacy and Safety of a Bivalent RSV Prefusion F Vaccine in Older Adults. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2023 Apr 20;388(16):1465-1477. PMID: 37018468

Walsh EE, Falsey AR, Zareba AM, Jiang Q, Gurtman A, Radley D, Gomme E,  Cooper D, Jansen KU, Gruber WC, Swanson KA, Schmoele-Thoma B. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F Vaccination: Antibody Persistence and Revaccination. J Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 12:jiae185. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae185. Online ahead of print.PMID: 38606958

Kampmann B, Madhi SA, Munjal I, Simoes EAF, Pahud BA, Llapur C, Baker J, Perez Marc G, Radley D, Shittu E, Glanternik J, Snaggs H, Baber J, Zachariah P, Barnabas SL, Fausett M, Adam T, Perreras N, Van Houten MA, Kantele A, Huang LM, Bont LJ, Otsuki T, Vargas SL, Gullam J, Tapiero B, Stein RT, Polack FP, Zar HJ, Staerke NB, Duron Padilla M, Richmond PC, Koury K, Schneider K, Kalinina EV, Cooper D, Jansen KU, Anderson AS, Swanson KA, Gruber WC, Gurtman A. Bivalent Prefusion F Vaccine in Pregnancy to Prevent RSV Illness in Infants. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2023 Apr 20;388(16):1451-1464. PMID: 37018474

Madhi SA, Anderson AS, Absalon J, Radley D, Simon R, Jongihlati B, Strehlau R, van Niekerk AM, Izu A, Naidoo N, Kwatra G, Ramsamy Y, Said M, Jones S, Jose L, Fairlie L, Barnabas SL, Newton R, Munson S, Jefferies Z, Pavliakova D, Silmon de Monerri NC, Gomme E, Perez JL, Scott DA, Gruber WC, Jansen KU. Potential for Maternally Administered Vaccine for Infant Group B Streptococcus. The New England Journal of Medicine. 2023 Jul 20;389(3):215-227. PMID: 37467497